Publications by African Scholars

Obaseki, P.J. and E. A. Onwioduokit (2001),‟Economic and Monetary Integration in the West African Sub-Region: Costs and Benefits,” West African Journal of Monetary and Economic Integration” Accra, Ghana VOL.1 (1) Download

Usoro, E. B. (1999). Influence of Dwindling Economy on the Performance of Community Banks in Akwa Ibom State. International Journal of Educational Development (IJED) 2, (1) 70 – 77 September Download

Udonwa NE, Uko E, Peters EJ, Abdullahi A. The efficacy of herbal treatment;“Winnie Cure” in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Mary Slessor Journal of Medicine 2006; 6(1): 1 – 5. Download

Akpan, A. U., Okorie, E. J., Musa M. T. and Willie C. E. (2006). Cooperative Societies for Development: A Study of Informal Financial Savings/Investment in Nigeria. Journal of Social and Policy Issues, Vol.3, No. 4 Pages 32-35. Download

Philip-Ephraim EE, Peters EJ, Ekott JU, Akpan NA, Jubrin P. Exfoliative dermatitis secondary to psoriasis. A case report and a review of the literature. Global Journal of Medical Sciences 2005; Vol. 4 No. 1, 2; 37 – 39. Download

Teachers’ Academic Qualification And Their Job Performance in Akwa Ibom State. Umoinyang, U. E. & Nkang, I. E. (2008). Multidisciplinary Journal of Empirical Research (MULTIJER), 6(1), 82-88. Download

Etiubon, R. U. (2008). Enhancing the Teaching of Simple machines using Problem-based learning Approach in Primary Science Curriculum using day-to-day activities. In N. Udofia (Ed.), Proceedings of STAN Primary Science Workshop (pp. 29-33), IMK Publishers. Download

Etiubon, R. U. (2010). Integrating socio-cultural resources in chemistry teaching: Implication for value orientation. Nigerian Journal of Curriculum theorists & Educational Technologists, 1 (1), 19-32. Download

 Akpan, Uwem (2011). Communicating Domains of Change in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. Journal of Communication. Vol.2, Number 2 (pp. 117 – 123).  Download

Aboh, C.L and I.A. Akpabio (2008) ‘Gender and analysis of common agroforestry practices in  Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. Agricultural Journal, 3(3) 185-189, Pakistan. Download

Akpan, Uwem & Enobong Akwaowo (2018). An analysis of the Application of Information and Communication technologies in Humanitarian Relief. UNIUYOJournal of Communication Studies (UJCS), vol. 2, No.1 (pp.34-52). Download 

Akpan, D. A. “Appraisal of the Role of Political Violence: the Development of Youths in Nigeria in the 21st Century” African Research Review, An International Multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia, Vol. 9(3), Serial No. 39 July, 2015: 147-156, edited by Prof. P. Muralimohan. ………….pg. 451-462. Download

Akpabio, I. A. (2007). “Agricultural Extension Officials and Utilization of Information and  Communication Technologies in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.” Journal of Extension Systems. India Vol. 23 (1) June 30-40.  Download

Onwioduokit F. A. (1992). The development and use of laboratory  problem-solving model (LAPSOM) in school physics. Journal of  Research in Education and Humanities, vol. 1 (1), 27 – 36. Download

 Akpan, Uwem (2012). Poverty, Community Dialogue and Participatory Development in Nigeria. In: Mbuk Mboho and Herbert Batta (Eds.). The CompaniontoCommunication and Development Issues: Essays in Honour of Prof. Des Wilson. Uyo: Department of Communication Arts, University of Uyo (pp. 207 – 218). Download

Usoro, E. B. (1998). Identification and Comparison of the Major Factors that Influence the Occupational Choice of Male and Female Business Studies 5 Teachers in Akwa Ibom State. Nigerian Journal of Vocational Teacher Education (NJOVTE). 1(1) 137 – 144. Download

Ntamark, J. J.  and Weje, I. I. (2018). Gender Perspectives in Entrepreneurial Development in Urban and Regional Planning Discipline in Nigeria. Proceedings of the International Conference of the Faculty of Environmental Studies (FESIC, 2018). Building Capacity for Self-Reliance: Entrepreneurship and Environmental Development, held at Barth Ebong Lecture Theatre, University of Uyo, Uyo. 11 – 14, July, 2018, pp. 309-317. Download

Proliferation of Churches: A Leeway to Commercialization of Religion. ESSIEN, A.M. (2010) European Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 45, N04 ISSN 1450-216 United Kingdom, 649-657 Download

Akpan, D. A. “World Trade Organization: Implications for Developing Nations” Journal of Nigerian Affairs, Social Sciences Study Group, Vol. No. 1 April 2002, edited by H. G. Alapiki pp. 59-72………pg. 71-76 Download

 Akpabio, I. A. and E. G. Inyang (2004) “The status of Crop Farming in Uyo Urban, Nigeria”  International Journal of Research in Agricultural Education vol 2(1) 75 – 84 June.  Download 

Onwioduokit F. A. and Efut O. I. (August, 2000). Enriching  Physics Education in Nigeria to cope with the Challenges of the present  Millennium. In Akale, M. A. G. (ed) Enriching Science technology and  Mathematics Education. Ibadan, Heinemann educational Books (Nig)  Plc. Download

Umoh, VA, Peters, EJ. The relationship between lung function andindoorairpollution among rural women in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Lung India 2014; 31:110-5. Download

Edet, L. I., Bassey, M. E. and Effiong, J. E. (2019). ‘Democracy, Leadership and Good Governance in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects. International Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 3, July-September, 2019, pp. 132-144. Download

Akpan, D. A. (2021) Imperative of Good Governance for Sustainable Development, the Nigeria’s Experience. The Parnassus: University of Uyo Journal of Cultural Research Vol. 17, June 2021, pp 28 – 39. Download

 Akpan, Uwem and Nsikan Senam (2014). The Survey Communication Research. International Journal of Education and Research. Vol. 2 No. 10 (pp. 461 –478). Download

Supervision of Primary School Teachers for Effective Instruction: Implications for Implementation of School Curriculum in Nigeria Nkang, I. E. & Usen, F. S. (2005). Nigerian Journal of Curriculum Studies, 12(2), 192 -197. Download

Usoro, E. B., Udoudom, M. T. and Ntuk, Gertrude (2010). Careers in Vocational Education Interest Factor for Choice. Journal of Technical Technology and Vocational Educators (JOTTAVE) 1(1) 43-49 Download

Andem NF., Udoh SB. Factors influencing decision to use antenatal care services among women in UUTH, Uyo.Nigeria. Ibom Med J. 2019;12(1):29-36.(Nigeria) Download

Ntamark, J. J. and Badiora, A. I.  (2017). Victimization. In Layi Egunjobi (ed.) Contemporary Concepts in Physical Planning. Volume III. pp.1156-1186 Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Ibadan: Ibadan. Download

Akpan, D. A. & Williams, Patrick S. “Technical Vocational Education and Training for Nigeria: History and National Industrialization for Sustainable Development in the 21st Century” JONATT Vol. 9, No. 2 October 2013, edited by Joshua Olumogaji. ……………pg. 483-492. Download

 Akpan, Uwem; Sunny Udeze and Julius Agwu (2014). The Mass Media and the Reputation Paradigm in Corporate Governance. Review of Communication and Media Studies. Volume, 1 Number 1. (pp. 102 – 107).  Download

Akpan, D. A. “Police and Maritime Security Challenges in the Gulf of Guinea: The Nigerian Experience in the 21st Century”: Journal of Public Governance and Administration, Vol. 1. No. 1 January 2016, pp. 5-14……………pg. 785-798. Download

Etiubon, R. U. (2015). Effective teaching of Sodium Metal using Concept Mapping Method. InP. Ibole, M. A. C. Enedoh, E. T. Owoyemi & F. E. Opara (Eds.). STAN Chemistry Panel Series11: Metals and their Compounds: A Handbook for Chemistry Teachers (pp.64-66). Ibadan: STAN. Download

Essien, E. A. and E. A. Onwioduokit (1998), “Nigeria‟s Economic Growth and Foreign Debt: An Analytical Re-examination‟, Economic and Financial Review, Vol. 36 (1), Central Bank of Nigeria. Download

Abasiubong, F., Udoh, SB., Ntuk, EA., Ekanem, US., & Etukumana, EA. Gender Differences to Use of Condom and Sexual Practices among Higher School Students in Nigeria. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, Turkey, 2011;10 (5): 519-526.(Turkey) Download

Essien, E.A., E.A.Onwioduokit and E.T.Osho (1996), “Demand for Money in a debt constraint Economy: A case study of Nigeria,” CBN Economic and Financial Review. Vol. 34 No. 2 pp. 573-599 Download

Onwioduokit F. A. and Moboto, F. A. (September, 2000).  Superstitious beliefs and Academic Performance of Secondary School  physics Student in Nigeria. Journal of Science and Science Education,  vol.7 (1), 1 – 10.  Download

Rebecca U. Etiubon (2011). Implications of Innovative Chemistry Teaching on Students’ Achievement. Multidisciplinary Journal of Academic Excellence, 4(1), 108-115. Download

Akpan, D. A. “The Folly of Man: Origins of Environment Disasters in the International System” in Otoabasi Akpan, (ed.). The Environment and Sustainable Development: Essays in Honour of Obasanjo’s Environmental Legacy for Nigeria. Uyo. Frontiers Quarterly, 2008, pp. 46-59…………..pg. 940-955. Download

Ugwu, Anthonia N. and Etiubon, Rebecca U. (2010). Status of multimedia Awareness and utilization among science Teacher educators in some Universities in South Eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Pharmaceutical Research, 1 (3), 155-164. (India). Download

Witchcraft Belief and Human Rights Violations in Akwa Ibom State, ESSIEN, A. M. (2013) Nigeria’ African Journal of Culture, Philosophy and Society: AWOROM Annang,Vol. 3 No.1 September 2013; ISSN 2026-6553, Cape Coast, Ghana Download

 Akpabio, I A and I I Akpabio (2007) “Capacity Building Needs of Farmers’ Local Organisations in  the Niger Delta, Nigeria.” The Social Sciences. 2 (3) 331-335 Medwell Publishers, Pakistan  Download

Akpanobong, U. E and Usoro, E. B. (2011). Accomplishing Vocational Education Administrative/Supervision Tasks in a Depressed Economy. in Vocational Education in Usoro, E. B. and Usoro, H. S. (Eds). Readings in Vocational Administration and Supervision. 66- 75. Download

Abasiubong F., Udoh SB. Domestic Violence among working class Nigerian women. American J Adv. Med Sci, 2015; 1(1): 9-14. (United States of America) Download

The Sankofa Faith and its Strategies for Social Transformation: An Initiative of a New Religious Movement. ESSIEN, A.M. (2003) Afe: Journal of Minority StudiesVol.5 N0.1 ISSN 1116-7149. Ikot Ekpene Pp 147-161   Download

Akpabio, I. A., S. Makanjuola and G. Udoma (2006) “Reportage of Agricultural News in the  Pioneer Newspaper (2004 AD).” International Journal of Agriculture and Biology (IJAB) 8(3)  May 405-406. Pakistan. Download

Akpabio I. A. and M. V. Ebong (2007) “Motivations for Beneficiary Participation in Women NGO  Activities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.” Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment  Vol.3 28-36. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, Nigeria. Download

Akpan, Uwem; Godspower Udoh and Abasiama Peters (2017). A Look at Semantic Issues in News Writing and Reporting. International Journal of EmergingTrendsin Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp.37-45. Download

Unadike BC, Esseien IE, Essien O, Akpan NA, Peters, EJ, Ekott JU. Indication for and outcome of Diabetes Admission at Uyo Teaching Hospital. Ibom Medical Journal.Vol.6, No.12013; 16-21 Download

Akpan, D. A. “The Politics of Women Empowerment and Nigeria Economy since the 1980s”. Gender Issues: International Journal of the Feminist/Womanist Theorists Vol.5. December 2014, pp. 148-161………..pg. 759-771. Download

Udoh SB, Iyanam V. Overweight, Obesity and Underweight profile among Adolescent Secondary School Students in Uyo, South-South, Nigeria. Nig J of Fam Pract. 2016;7(3): 17-26. (Nigeria) Download

Omilani A. N & Udofia, T.M (2015). An investigation into the influence of frequency of practical on student’s levels of conception in  volumetric and qualitative analysis.  African Journal of Educational Research. 19 (1&2) 33-39 Download

Etiubon, R. U., Okopide, A. A., and Udoh, N. M. (2021). Enhancing Retention of Water Pollution using Computer tutorials and Drill-Practice Among First Year Science Education Students of University of Uyo, Nigeria. European Modern Studies Journal, 5 (3), 139-152. (Kyiv) Download

Onwioduokit F. A. (September, 1999). The laboratory and affective  domain of physics students. International Journal of Education  Development, vol. (1), 50 – 56. Download

Iyanam,V, Udoh,SB. Anthropometric Characteristics, Blood Pressure Profile and Medical Conditions of Married Women attending the Family Planning Clinic of UUTH, Uyo, Southern Nigeria. Nig J Fam.Pract. 2017;8(4):67-73.(Nigeria) Download

Akpan, G. A., Usoro, H. S. and Usoro, E. B. (2010). Theoretical Bases for Supervisory Practices in Vocational Education in Usoro, E. B. and Usoro, H. S. (Eds). Readings in Vocational Administration and Supervision. 212 – 231. Download

. Akpan, D. A. The Politics of Oil and Energy in the International Political Economy in Readings in International Political Economy 2012…………pg. 882-895 Download

Bridging the Social Gap in the Niger Delta: A Religious Perspective.ESSIEN, A.M. (2011)Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business IJCRB,Vol. 3 No. 2, ISSN 2073-7122 (United Kingdom), Pp 68-76 Download

Onwioduokit F. A. and Akinbobola, A. O. (2005). Effects of  Pictorial and Written Advance Organizers on Students’ achievement  in Senior Secondary Physics. Journal of STAN, vol. 40, number (1  and 2), 109 – 116. Download

Idung AU., Abasiubong.F.,Udoh.SB., Ekanem,US. Overweight and obesity profiles in Niger Delta Region, Nigeria. Afr. J Prim Care Fam Med,2014,6(1);1-5.(South Africa). Download

Akpan, D. A. Human and Environmental Security for Sustaining Development: The Imperative to Changing Behaviour in the Use of Biomass Fuel in Nigeria, International Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 10., No. 3, July – September 2016 p. 133-143. Download

Okon, D.P., I.A. Akpabio and I.E. Nwosu (2011) ‘Women empowerment for sustainable  agricultural development in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria’. Int. J. of Res. In Agric. 3(1) 47-54.  Ghana Download

Ukang: The Ritual of Crime Detection and Control in Annang Social Justice System. ESSIEN, A.M. (2011) British Journal of Arts & Social Sciences BJASS,Vol. 3 No. 1, ISSN 2046- 9578 (Britain, United Kingdom), Pp 123-131 Download

Onwioduokit F. A. (1989). Development of students’ laboratory skills  using three problem solving models in Practical Physics. Doctorate thesis,  University of Ibadan. Download

Iyanam VE., Udoh SB.,Motilewa OO.,Udonwa NE. Morbidity profile of adolescents seen at a secondary missionary healthcare facility in south-south Nigeria : A 2-year review. Int. J. Med. Sci.2018,5(10):13-19. (United States of America) Download

Onwioduokit F. A. (2004). The role of the parents and communities  in the Educational Advancement of Urue Offong/Oruko L. G. A. of  Akwa Ibom State. Journal of Education. 2(2), 145 – 153. Download

Akpan, D. A. “Gender” Emerging Trade” and “Nigerian Development”. Journal of International Gender Studies, An Annual Publication of Gender Studies Group, No. 2, June 2005, edited by Associate Prof. E. C. Okeke, pp. 68-74………..pg. 108-117 Download

Modo, I. V. O,, Okorie, E. J., Ekeh, R. and Chinenyemba, L. I. (2020). Ethnograghic Analysis of Traditional Legal System and Modern Day Judgements. Chapter 13 in Law and Society in Nigeria; An Introduction, pp 206-220. Aboki Publishers, Makurdi, Benue State. Download

Agbola, Tunde and Ntamark, J. J. (2018). Urban Planning Approaches to Urban Safety and Security: A Synthesis of Approaches. In J. Uyanga  and F. Ekong (eds.) Urban Crisis and Management: Sustainable Planning Approaches. Pp 247-262. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Uyo, Uyo. Download

Jiman, AC., Etukumana, EA., Ukot IA., Udoh SB.,Akinbami ,SO. Job-Related risk factors for low back pain in adults attending a tertiary hospital in Uyo, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2015,24(1):42-46 . (Nigeria) Download

Onwioduokit, E. A. (2011), „Macro-economic Convergence: Theory and Principles‟ in Addressing the Challenges of Macro-economic Policy Convergence in the SADC Region, ECA-SA/TPUB/MEC/2011/2. Download

Akaiso OE, Ekeke ON, Ijimakinwa G, Onyeabor CP, Osegbe DN. (2001). Tumours of the Testis in Nigerians: A twenty year review of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital experience. The Lagos Journal of Surgery, 2, (1), 37-42. (NIGERIA) Download

Rebecca Ufonabasi Etiubon and Nsimene Michael Udoh (2019). Issues and Challenges of Entrepreneurship Education in Nigerian Universities. In Okoye, R. K., Ekong, Antiabong, and Nwalado, H. S. (Eds.) West and Solomon Publishing Coy Ltd, Onitsha. Pp. 165 -178 Download

Onwioduokit, E. A. (1999), “Privatization in Nigeria: Options for the next Millennium,” The Bullion Journal of Central Bank of Nigeria (September) Download

Akanji, O.O., M. F. Out, E.A. Essien and E.A.Onwioduokit (1999), “Infra-Structural Expenditure Policy and Private Sector Output in Nigeria” Published by the Central Bank of Nigeria. Download

Akpan, D. A. “Private Participation in Education and Implications for Job Creation in An Emerging Economy: The Nigeria Experience since 1950s”. Journal of Education, Vol. 7, No. 1 September, 2014, pp. 69-76…………pg.790-808 Download.

Udofia, T. M. and Etiubon, R. U. and (2010). Challenges and prospects of assessment practices in Senior Secondary School Curriculum. Nigerian Journal of Curriculum Studies, 3 (1&2), 172- 178. Download

Egbuna, E., E.A. Onwioduokit, M. Umo and K. Mansaray (2012), „Quoting and Trading in WAMZ Currencies: Challenges and Way forward‟ Published by West African Monetary Institute Occasional Paper Series No.3 Download

Udofia, N. A., Usoro, E. B., Afangideh, M. E. & Umoh, E. E. (2010). Entrepreneurial Curriculum Guidance on Vocational Choices of Senior Secondary School Students in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Proceedings Volume of 2nd Annual International Conference for Economics, Business, and Entrepreneurship in Africa – The Academy of Business and Public Policy Illnois, USA 1(1) 200- 207. Download

Onwioduokit, E. A. (1998), “An Alternative Approach to Efficient Pollution Control in Nigeria,” in„Current Issues in Environmental Problems in Nigeria’, Davidson Press Ltd., Ibadan Download

Philip, Ephraim E. E., Gyuse A. N., Udonwa, N. C., Peters, EJ, Anyanechi, C. C.Knowledge and Perception HIV Prevention through Condom Use among mid life and older adults in Calabar, Nigeria. Indian Med. 2010 Vol., 59 940 429-33. Download

Akpan, Uwem and Nsikan Senam (2013). Implications of News Commodification for Media Professionalism in Nigeria. UNIUYO Journal of Humanities. Volumes16& 17, December 2013 (pp. 41 – 54). Download

Onwioduokit, F. A. (August, 1997). Improvisation of material in the  teaching of Physics: A case for investigation of the physical properties of  local materials. STAN 40th Anniversary Conference Proceedings, 270-278 Download

.Akpan, D. A. “Historical Development of Modern Insurance Industry: Implications for Economic Sustainability of Nigeria in the 21st Century” in Abuja Journal of Banking and Finance Vol. 4 No. 2 May 2015 pp. 103 – 109………….pg. 474-482. Download

Akpabio, I.A.(2007) ‘Beneficiaries perceptions of Women NGOs activities in the Niger Delta,  Nigeria’ International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSAMS) Vol.1(2) 176-  197. D-Net Communications, Norway. Download

Akpan, D. A. “Collapsing Livelihoods and Crisis of Masculinity in Rural Nigeria: The Niger Delta Experience since 1960”, Benue Valley Journal of Humanities, Vol. 8, No. 1 & 2, January – December, 2009, edited by Prof. Armstrong Adejo, pp. 140-146. ……………..pg. 237-243 Download

Udoh EA, Akaiso OE, Ukpong AE, Essiet IU. Histopathologic Patterns of Testicular Biopsies in Men with Infertility and Azoospermia in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital. (2022). W J Biomed Res, 9: 10-16. Download

Usoro, E. B. (2000). Women in Vocational Education: Attitudinal Approach to Job Choice. Journal of Women in Academics (JOWACS) 1 (1) 159-164. Download

Umoh VA, ACASIA DD, Akpan EC, Peters EJ. Etiology and Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Bronchietasis in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria. West African Journal of Medicine (2022:39 (1) 52-58) Download

Akanji, O.O., E.A. Essien, E.N. Egbuna and E.A.Onwioduokit, (1999), “Issues in Agricultural Input Policies: A Case Study of Fertilizer Subsidy and Pricing,” Published by the Central Bank of Nigeria Download

 Akpan, Uwem; Mbuk Mboho and Nsikan Senam (2015). The Nigerian Media and Ebola Virus Disease. Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol3, No.3A (pp.612-619).  Download

Peters EJ, Esin RA, Immananagha KK, Siziya S, Osim EE. Lung function studies in Nigerian fishermen and women chronically exposed to fish drying using burning firewood. Central African Journal of Medicine 1999 45, 5 119 – 123 Download

New Paradigm in Witchcraft Issues: A Strategic Procedure for Sustainable Development in Nigeria. ESSIEN, A.M. & VICTOR Effiong Ben (2011) American Journal Social and Management Sciences AJSMS, Vol. 2 Issues 1, ISSN Print: 2156-1540, ISSN Online: 2151-1559, doi: 10.5251/ajsms.2011.2.1.1.10 (USA), Pp 47-55 Download

Usoro, E. B. & Joseph, E. U. (2000). Motherhood and Academic Performance: An Assessment of Female Undergraduate Students of University of Uyo. International Journal of Educational Development (IJED) 3 (2) 94 – 101. Download

Rebecca U. Etiubon and Anthonia N. Ugwu (2018). Effects of Peer-tutoring and Jigsaw Strategies on Chemistry Students’ Achievement in the Concept of Paper Chromatography. International Journal of Education and Research, 6(9), 35-46. (USA) Download

Akpan, G. A., Etim, V. E. P. & Usoro, E. B. (2009). Relevance of vocational education to small scale enterpreneurship development – African Journal for Contemporary Issues in Education 4(1) 52 – 57 www.ajeduionline.org. (Ghana) Download

Immananagha KK, Peters EJ, Philip-Ephraim EE, Ekott JU, ImmananaghaLN,Ekure EN, Esin RA. Acute Bacterial Meningitis in a developing country: Diagnosisrelated mortality among pediatric patient. Central African Journal of Medicine, 1998, Vol. 44(1) 11-15. Download

 Akpan, Uwem (2012). Mass Media News Processes, Manufacture of Consent and the Integrity of the Public Sphere. In: Des Wilson (Ed.). The Media, Terrorism & Political Communication in Nigeria. Uyo: African Council for Communication Education, ACCE (pp. 218 – 234). Download

Onwioduokit, E.A. and L. Jarju (2006), “Determinants of Private Investment in the Gambia,” West African Journal of Monetary and Economic Integration. 6 (1) Download

Akpan, D. A. “Youth’s Unemployment and Illiteracy, Impact on National Security, the Nigerian Experience” International Journal of Arts and Humanities, Bahiir Dar-Ethiopia IJAH, vol. 4(2) S/No. 14, April, 2015. P. 62-71, edited by Prof. Joseph Bosire………….pg. 439-450. Download